Full Moon Atlas ⚪ Lunar Crater Catalog [C]

C. Herschel

34.5N

31.2W

13

Caroline Lucretia ~ (1750-1848), British astronomer
and concert singer, born in Germany; sister of William Herschel
(q.v.) and the aunt of John Herschel (q.v.). She discovered eight
comets between 1786 and 1797, then embarked on a new project of
cross-referencing and correcting the star catalogue which had been
produced by Flamsteed (q.v.). In 1798, she submitted an index to
Flamsteed’s Observations of the Fixed Stars to the Royal
Society, together with a list of 560 stars which had been omitted. A
minor planet, Lucretia, was named in her honor in 1889.

C. Mayer

63.2N

17.3E

38

Christian Gustav Adolph ~ (1719-1783), German
educator, astronomer,
mathematician and physicist; worked on differential equations, the
calculus of variations and mechanics. He emphasised the principle of
least action in all his work which followed the path of Lagrange and
Jacobi (qq.v.).

Cabannes

60.9S

169.6W

80

Jean ~ (1885-1959), French physicist and optician.

Cabeus

84.9S

35.5W

98

Niccolo Cabeo, or ~ (1586-1650), Italian astronomer.

Cailleux

60.8S

153.3E

50

Andre ~ (1907-1986), French geologist.

Cajal

12.6N

31.1E

9

Santiago Ramón y ~ (1852-1934), Spanish medical
doctor and researcher; shared the Nobel Prize for 1906 with Camillo
Golgi for their work on the structure of the nervous system.

Cajori

47.4S

168.8E

70

Florian ~ (1859-1930), American mathematician, born in
Switzerland; as professor of physics at Colorado College
(1889-1898), he ardently promoted scientific studies at the college,
not least through his founding of the Colorado College Scientific
Society in 1890, and is celebrated particularly for taking, with his
physics class, the first X-ray photographs in the western U.S. In
1898, he became professor of mathematics, and five years later,
became the founding Dean of the School of Engineering. In 1918, he
left Colorado to take up a chair in the history of science created
for him at the University of California, Berkeley.

Calippus

38.9N

10.7E

32

Calippus of Cyzicus (c. 370-310 B.C.), Greek
astronomer; made accurate determinations of the lengths of the
seasons and constructed a 76 year cycle comprising 940 months to
harmonize the solar and lunar years which was adopted in 330 B.C.
and used by all later astronomers.

Cameron

6.2N

45.9E

10

Robert Curry ~ (1925-1972), American astronomer.

Camoens

0.8N

84.9E

33

Luís de Camões, or ~ (1524-1530), known as the
greatest Portuguese author and satirist. His birthday, 10 June, is
Portugal’s greatest holiday.

Campanus

28.0S

27.8W

48

Giovanni Campano, or Johannes Campanus of Novara (c.
1220-1296?), Italian astronomer and mathematician; wrote Theorica
Planetarum which describes the construction of a planetarium,
the first to be described by a European. The work also contains
detailed descriptions of the longitude of the planets as well as a
geometrical description of the motion of the model.

Campbell

45.3N

151.4E

219

William Wallace ~ (1862-1938), American astronomer, mathematician
and academician; became director of Lick Observatory (1901) and, for
the next 23 years, he maintained it in the front rank of the world’s
observatories. His achievements and publications in astronomical
research were awarded wide recognition. He was awarded five gold
medals; the honorary degree of D.Sc. was conferred upon him by the
universities of Western Pennsylvania; Michigan; Western Australia;
Cambridge; Columbia; and Chicago. The honorary degree of LL.D. was
awarded him by the University of Michigan in 1902 and the University
of California in 1932. He was made commander of the Order of Leopold
II of Belgium; officer of the Legion of Honor, France; and Commander
of the Order of the Crown of Italy. He became president of the
University of California (1923-1930). Upon his retirement from Cal,
he was elected president of the National Academy of Sciences
(1931-1934);
Also Leon ~ (1881-1951), American astronomer; first
recorder of the American Association of Variable Star Observers.

Cannizzaro

55.6N

99.6W

56

Stanislao ~ (1826-1910), Italian chemist; professor of
physics and chemistry in Alessandria (1851); professor of chemistry
in Genoa (1855), Palermo (1861) and Rome (1871). Conducted research
on natural compounds like santonin; the synthesis of cyanamide; and
the disproportionation of aldehydes (Cannizarro’s Reaction, 1853).
Successfully lobbied for the acceptance of Avogadro’s Hypothesis at
the Karlsruhe Conference of 1860, which had been called to resolve
current problems in chemistry and was attended by 140 of the
greatest chemists in Europe.

Cannon

19.9N

81.4E

56

Annie Jump ~ (1863-1941), American astronomer and
theorist of star spectra; in 1896, she became a member of the group
that historians of science have dubbed "Pickering’s
Women," hired by Harvard College Observatory director Edward
Pickering (q.v.) to reduce data and carry out astronomical
calculations. She devised a scheme, derived from Fleming and Maury
(qq.v.), that created a division of stars into the spectral classes
O, B, A, F, G, K, M, and so on. A mnemonic phrase based on her
scheme — "Oh, Be A Fine Girl … Kiss Me!" — has
helped several generations of astronomers to learn the spectral
classifications of stars.

Cantor

38.2N

118.6E

0

Moritz Benedikt ~ (1829-1920) German mathematician and
mathematical historian; best remembered for the four volume work Vorlesungen
über Geschichte der Mathematik which traces the history of
mathematics up to 1799.
Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp ~ (1845-1918); German mathematician,
born in Russia; built a hierarchy of infinite sets according to
their cardinal number. Showed that the set of real numbers has a
higher cardinal number than does the set of rational fractions;
however, he found every class of algebraic numbers has the same
cardinal number as the integers. Such considerations led to his Mengenlehre
(Theory of Assemblages) and Manningfaltigkeitslehre (Theory
of Manifolds). He also invented the Cantor Set, the only totally
disconnected, perfect, compact metric space up to a homeomorphism.

Capella

7.5S

35.0E

90

Martianus ~  (c. A.D. 400-?), Roman
(Carthaginian) proconsul, academician and author; predicting that
the Roman Empire would fragment into smaller states and would need
condensed forms of Roman knowledge to help them survive, he set
about creating a nine-volume condensed version of the imperial
school curriculum.

Capuanus

34.1S

26.7W

59

Francesco Capuano di Manfredonia, or ~ (c. 1400-?), Italian
astronomer.

Cardanus

13.2N

0.0E

49

Girolamo Cardano, or ~ (1501-1576), Italian mathematician
and physician; his status in the field of medicine was second only
to that of Andreas Vesalius (q.v.) in his time. In 1545, he produced
his greatest mathematical work, Artis magnae sive de regulis
algebraicis liber unus ("The Great Art").

Carlini

33.7N

24.1W

10

Francesco ~ (1783-1862), Italian astronomer; third
director of the Brera Observatory. Collaborated with Plana (q.v.) on
geodesy and problems relating to the motion of the Moon. The work
led to Plana’s Théorie du mouvement de la lune.

Carlos

24.9N

2.3E

4

Spanish male name.

Carmichael

19.6N

40.4E

20

Leonard ~ (1898-1973), American psychologist and
academician; seventh president of Tufts University (1938-1952). He
later served as secretary of the Smithsonian Institution
(1952-1964), and was named vice-president for research and
exploration for the National Geographic Society in 1964.

Carnot

52.3N

143.5W

126

Nicolas L. S.; French physicist (1796-1832).

Carol

8.5N

122.3E

117

Latin female name.

Carpenter

69.4N

50.9W

59

James; British astronomer (1840-1899);
Edwin F.; American astronomer (1898-1963).

Carrel

10.7N

26.7E

15

Alexis; French doctor, physiologist; Nobel
laureate (1873-1944).

Carrillo

2.2S

80.9E

16

Flores Nabor; Mexican soil engineer (1911-1967).

Carrington

44.0N

62.1E

30

Richard Christopher; British astronomer
(1826-1875).

Cartan

4.2N

59.3E

15

E. J.; French mathematician (1869-1951).

Carver

43.0S

126.9E

59

George W.; American botanist (c. 1864-1943).

Casatus

72.8S

29.5W

108

Casati, Paolo; Italian mathematician (1617-1707).

Cassegrain

52.4S

113.5E

55

Giovanni D.; French astronomer, doctor (1625-1712).

Cassini

40.2N

4.6E

56

Giovanni Domenico; Italian-French astronomer
(1625-1712); Jacques J.; French astronomer (1677-1756).

Catalan

45.7S

87.3W

25

Miguel A.; Spanish spectroscopist (1894-1957).

Catharina

18.1S

23.4E

104

St. Catherine of Alexandria; Greek theologian,
philosopher (?-c. 307).

Cauchy

9.6N

38.6E

12

Augustin Louis; French mathematician (1789-1857).

Cavalerius

5.1N

66.8W

57

Cavalieri, Buonaventura; Italian mathematician
(1598-1647).

Cavendish

24.5S

53.7W

56

Henry; British chemist, physicist (1731-1810).

Caventou

29.8N

29.4W

3

Joseph Bienaime; French chemist, pharmacologist
(1795-1877).

Cayley

4.0N

15.1E

14

Arthur; British astronomer, mathematician (1821-1895).

Cellini

7.8S

3.0E

34

Benvenuto; Italian artist, writer (1500-1571).

Celsius

34.1S

20.1E

36

Anders; Swedish astronomer (1701-1744).

Censorinus

0.4S

32.7E

3

Roman astronomer (fl. 238-?).

Cepheus

40.8N

45.8E

39

Mythological astronomer, father of Andromeda.

Cervantes

3.4S

99.2E

25

Miguel de; Spanish writer (1547-1616).

Chacornac

29.8N

31.7E

51

Jean; French astronomer (1823-1873).

Chadwick

52.7S

101.3W

30

James; British physicist (1891-1974).

Chaffee

38.8S

153.9W

49

Roger B.; American aeronautic engineer,
astronaut (1935-1967).

Challis

79.5N

9.2E

55

James; British astronomer, mathematician,
physicist (1803-1862).

Chalonge

21.2S

117.3W

30

Daniel; French astronomer (1895-1977).

Chamberlin

58.9S

95.7E

58

Thomas C.; American geologist (1843-1928).

Champollion

37.4N

175.2E

58

Jean F.; French egyptologist (1790-1832).

Chandler

43.8N

171.5E

85

Seth C.; American astronomer (1846-1913).

Chang Heng

19.0N

112.2E

43

Chinese astronomer (78-139).

Chang-Ngo

12.7S

2.1W

3

Chinese female name.

Chant

40.0S

109.2W

33

Clarence A.; Canadian astronomer, physicist
(1865-1956).

Chaplygin

6.2S

150.3E

137

Sergej A.; Soviet mathematician (1869-1942).

Chapman

50.4N

100.7W

71

Sydney; British geophysicist (1888-1970).

Chappe

61.2S

91.5W

59

d’Auteroche, Jean-Baptiste; French astronomer
(1728-1769).

Chappell

54.7N

177.0W

80

James F.; American astronomer (1891-1964).

Charles

29.9N

26.4W

1

French male name.

Charlier

36.6N

131.5W

99

Carl W. L.; Swedish astronomer (1862-1934).

Chaucer

3.7N

140.0W

45

Geoffrey; British writer, astronomer (c.1340-1400).

Chauvenet

11.5S

137.0E

81

William; American astronomer, mathematician
(1820-1870).

Chebyshev

33.7S

133.1W

178

Pafnutif L.; Russian mathematician (1821-1894).

Chekov

6.6S

82.0E

0

Anton Pavlovich; Russian author (1860-1904).

Chenier

17.7S

132.4E

33

Andre Marie; French poet (1762-1794).

Chernyshev

47.3N

174.2E

58

Nikolaj G.; Soviet rocketry engineer (1906-1963).

Chevallier

44.9N

51.2E

52

Temple; British astronomer (1794-1873).

Ching-Te

20.0N

30.0E

4

Chinese male name.

Chladni

4.0N

1.1E

13

Ernst Florens Friedrich; German physicist
(1756-1827).

Chretien

45.9S

162.9E

88

Chretien, Henri; French mathematician,
astronomer (1870-1956).

Christel

24.5N

11.0E

2

German female name.

Cichus

33.3S

21.1W

40

Franceso Degli Stabili (Cecco D’Ascoli);
Italian astronomer (1257-1327).

Clairaut

47.7S

13.9E

75

Alexis Claude; French mathematician (1713-1765).

Clark

38.4S

118.9E

49

Alvan; American astronomer (1804-1887);
Alvan G.; American astronomer, optician (1832-1897).

Clausius

36.9S

43.8W

24

Rudolf Julius Emmanuel; German physicist
(1822-1888).

Clavius

58.8S

14.1W

245

Christopher Klau; German mathematician
(1537-1612).

Cleomedes

27.7N

56.0E

125

Greek astronomer (?-c. 50 B.C.).

Cleostratus

60.4N

77.0W

62

~ of Tenedos (?-c. 500 B.C.), Greek astronomer
and developer of the early Athenian solar and lunar eight-year
calendar known as the Octaeteris.

Clerke

21.7N

29.8E

6

Agnes Mary; British astronomer (1842-1907).

Coblentz

37.9S

126.1E

33

William W.; American physicist, astronomer
(1873-1962).

Cockcroft

31.3N

162.6W

93

Sir John D.; British nuclear physicist;
Nobel laureate (1897-1967).

Collins

1.3N

23.7E

2

Michael; American astronaut (1930- ).

Colombo

15.1S

45.8E

76

Columbus, Christopher; Spanish explorer
(c. 1446-1506).

Compton

55.3N

103.8E

182

Arthur H.; American physicist, Nobel laureate
(1892-1962); Karl T.; American physicist (1887-1954).

Comrie

23.3N

112.7W

59

Leslie J.; British astronomer (1893-1950).

Comstock

21.8N

121.5W

72

George C.; American astronomer (1855-1934).

Condon

1.9N

60.4E

34

Edward U.; American physicist (1902-1974).

Condorcet

12.1N

69.6E

74

Jean de; French mathematician (1743-1794).

Congreve

0.2S

167.3W

57

Sir William; British rocket engineer,
inventor (1772-1828).

Conon

21.6N

2.0E

21

Conon of Samos; Greek astronomer (c. 260
B.C.).

Cook

17.5S

48.9E

46

James; British explorer (1728-1779).

Cooper

52.9N

175.6E

36

John C.; American humanitarian (1887-1967).

Copernicus

9.7N

20.1W

107

Nicholas; Polish astronomer (1473-1543).

Cori

50.6S

151.9W

65

Gerty Theresa Radnitz; Czech-American physiologist;
Nobel laureate (1896-1957).

Coriolis

0.1N

171.8E

78

Gaspard G. de; French physicist (1792-1843).

Corneille

12.3N

134.8E

35

Pierre; French poet and dramatist (1606-1684).

Couder

4.8S

92.4W

21

Andre; French astronomer (1897-1978).

Coulomb

54.7N

114.6W

89

Charles A. De; French physicist (1736-1806).

Courtney

25.1N

30.8W

1

English male name.

Cremona

67.5N

90.6W

85

Luigi; Italian mathematician (1830-1903).

Crile

14.2N

46.0E

9

George Washington; American physician, performed the
successful direct blood transfusion for humans (1864-1943).

Crocco

47.5S

150.2E

75

Gaetano A.; Italian aeronautical engineer(1877-1968).

Crommelin

68.1S

146.9W

94

Andrew Claude De La Cherois; British astronomer
(1865-1939).

Crookes

10.3S

164.5W

49

Sir William; British physicist, chemist (1832-1919).

Crozier

13.5S

50.8E

22

Francis Rawdon Moira; British explorer
(1796-1848).

Cruger

16.7S

66.8W

45

Peter; German mathematician (1580-1639).

Ctesibius

0.8N

118.7E

36

Egyptian physicist (?-c. 100 B.C.).

Curie

22.9S

91.0E

151

Pierre; French physicist, chemist; Nobel
laureate (1859-1906).

Curtis

14.6N

56.6E

2

Heber Doust; American astronomer (1872-1942).

Curtius

67.2S

4.4E

95

Curtz, Albert; German astronomer (1600-1671).

Cusanus

72.0N

70.8E

63

Nikolaus Krebs; German mathematician,
philosopher (1401-1464)

Cuvier

50.3S

9.9E

75

Georges; French natural scientist, paleontologist
(1769-1832).

Cyrano

20.5S

157.7E

80

Cyrano de Bergerac Savinien (1615-1655), French writer.

Cyrillus

13.2S

24.0E

98

Saint Cyril; Egyptian theologian, chronologist (?-A.D.
444).

Cysatus

66.2S

6.1W

48

Cysat, Jean-Baptiste; Swiss mathematician,
astronomer (1588-1657).